To fire rate W27x114 columns I would choose an insulating board system. The boards will be installed to create a hollow section around the I-beam. The wallboard will be attached to the steel beam yet have an air space between the board and the beam on all sides. The wallboard material is a fire resistant material to protect the column, while the air space will reduce thermal conductivity, thus increasing the fire rating. As opposed to concrete the wallboard is lightweight and has a lower thermal conductivity. As opposed to spray fire resistant material, the insulating board system is a better aesthetic choice as the columns may be exposed in the unsprinklered area. The reason I chose a box casement for this column is because it uses less gypsum and looks better than an I-section casement while reaching the same fire rating.
The materials chosen to achieve this design are type c gypsum board, cold formed steel clips, and corner beads. In order to reach a two hour fire rating, the nominal thickness of the gypsum combined with the attachment of the casing must meet certain specifications. Before gypsum is attached the steel clips must be attached to the flanges of the I-beam. On each end of the two flanges clips must be attached to the steel so the spacer is facing the outside of the beam in order to create an air space on the flange sides. The clips will be placed every 4 feet starting at the bottom and working up to the ceiling. Dimensionally, the clips should be approximately 1.5" deep in order to create a big enough airspace to achieve two hour fire rating and allow room for screwed connections. The type c gypsum needs to be attached to the clips with self taping screws. Two layers of 5/8" wallboard needs to be attached all around the frame of the I-beam created by the clips. The total wallboard thickness will be 1.25". To finish exposed corner joints, corner beads will be nailed to the gypsum.
To ensure fire rating this design has been compared to specifications of qualified UL designs. Underwriter Laboratories has tested specific products to be qualified for this design.
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